Which part of a prescription contains the name of the drug and the amount prescribed?

The part of a prescription that contains the name of the drug and the amount prescribed is correctly identified as the inscription. This component is essential as it specifies the exact medication that the patient needs and the dosage, allowing the pharmacist to accurately fill the prescription.

Understanding the roles of the other components can clarify why they aren't the right choice. The superscription typically includes the "Rx" symbol, which is an instruction to the pharmacist to dispense the medication, while the signature outlines how the patient should take the medication (e.g., frequency and method of administration). Transcription refers to the process of writing down the prescription from one format to another, which is not relevant to the content of the prescription itself. Therefore, the inscription is the key part that lists the drug name and prescribed amount, making it crucial for both the patient and the pharmacist.